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AJCC April 2000
Research Corner
By
Sang Harrison, DC
X-Ray Digitizing

We have been very busy digitizing x-rays for several studies from December 1999 to April 2000. Dr. Mark Payne (Columbus, Georgia), Dr. Roger Coleman (Othello, Washington), and Dr. Deed Harrison (Elko, Nevada) drove/flew to Huntsville, Alabama and donated their time digitizing x-rays for several hours on different days.

In one study, we collected reliability data on a new method of calculating 3-D axial rotation angles in the cervical spine from AP cervical radiographs (see #47 in the list below). This method was originated by Tad Janik, PhD (CBP®’s Research Director). To check the validity of Dr. Janik’s new method, Dr. Coleman mounted a model of C3 on plastic and x-rayed it at various angles of axial rotation. Dr. Don Harrison and Dr. Janik digitized these films and compared their calculations to the actual 3-D positions.

In other studies (#49-#53 below), we collected data by digitizing for 1) Posterior Tangents, Cobb angles, and Centroidal angles on the lateral thoracic view, 2)  Posterior Tangents, Cobb angles, and Centroidal angles on the lateral lumbar view, 3) lumbar and pelvic coupling during anterior/posterior translations of the thoracic cage, 4) cervical coupling during anterior/posterior translations of the thoracic cage, and 5) internal thoracic kyphosis changes during anterior/posterior translations of the thoracic cage.

To get ready for Dr. Deed Harrison’s Poster Presentation in April 2000 (#48 below) at the annual conference of the International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine (ISSLS) in Australia, Dr. Deed Harrison flew to Huntsville twice to digitize his lumbar traction treatment group radiographs and control group lateral lumbar radiographs.
Already Published or Accepted CBP®
Papers at end of March 2000
1.  Jackson BL, Harrison DD, Robertson GA, Barker WF. Chiropractic Biophysics Lateral Cervical Film Analysis  Reliability. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1993;16(6):384-91.
2. Troyanovich SJ.  A Chiropractic Approach to Exercise for the Pregnant Patient.     Chiropr Tech 1993;5(2):56-59.
3. Harrison DD, Jackson BL, Troyanovich SJ, Robertson GA, DeGeorge D, Barker WF.    The Efficacy of ervical Extension-Compression Traction Combined with Diversified     Manipulation and Drop Table Adjustments in the Rehabilitation of Cervical Lordosis.    J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1994;17(7):454-464.
4. Troyanovich SJ.  C1 burst fracture. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1994;17:558-561.
5. Troyanovich SJ, Robertson GA, Harrison DD, Holland B.  Intra- and Interexaminer     Reliability of the Chiropractic Biophysics Lateral Lumbar Radiographic Mensuration Procedure. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1995;18(8):519-524.
6. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DD.  The Reliability and Validity of Chiropractic Assessment Procedures. Chiropr Tech 1996;8(1):1-4.
7. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DD.  Chiropractic Biophysics (CBP®) Technique.  Chiropr Tech 1996;8(1):11-16.
8. Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Troyanovich SJ, Holland B.  Comparisons of Lordotic Cervical Spine Curvatures to a Theoretical Ideal Model of the Static Sagittal Cervical Spine.  Spine 1996;21(6):667-675.
9. Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Janik TJ, Murphy DJ.  A Normal Sagittal Spinal Configuration: A Desirable Clinical Outcome. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996;19(6):398-405.
10. Harrison DD, Colloca CJ, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE.  Torque: An Appraisal of Misuse of Terminology in Chiropractic Literature and Technique. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996;19(7): 454-462.
11. Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Harrison GR, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Harrison SO.  Chiropractic Biophysics Technique:  A Linear Algebra Approach to Posture in Chiropractic. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996;19(8):525-535.
12. Harrison DD, Harrison DE, Troyanovich SJ, Hansen D.  The Anterior-posterior Full- spine View:  The Worst Radiographic View for Determination of Mechanics of the Spine.  Chiropr Tech 1996;8(4):163-170.
13. Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Colloca CJ. Evaluations of the Assumptions Used to Derive an Ideal Normal Cervical Spine Model. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1997; 20(4): 246-256.
14. Troyanovich SJ, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Harrison DD, Harrison DE.   Radiographic Mensuration Characteristics of the Sagittal Lumbar Spine From A Normal Population with a Method to Synthesize Prior Studies of  Lordosis. J Spinal Disord 1997;10(5): 380-386.
15. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ.  The Sacroiliac Joint:  A Review of Anatomy and Mechanics. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1997; 20(9): 607-17.
16. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Harrison DD.  Review of the Scientific Literature     Relevant to Structural Rehabilitation of the Spine and Posture: Rationale for Treatment   Beyond the Resolution of Symptoms. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;21(1):37-50.
17. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ.  Three-Dimensional Spinal Coupling Mechanics.  Part I: A Review of the Literature. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;   21(2): 101-113.
18. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ. Three-Dimensional Spinal Coupling   Mechanics. Part II: Implications for Chiropractic Theories and Practice.  J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;  21(3): 177-86 .
19. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DD, Harrison DE. A Review of the Validity, Reliability,  and Clinical Effectiveness of Chiropractic Methods Employed to Restore or Rehabilitate Cervical Lordosis.  Chiropr Tech 1998; 10(1): 1-7.
20. Coleman RR, Bernard BB, Harrison DE.  The Effects of Real Life X-axis Vertebral Translation on Projected Y-axis Vertebral Rotation Images. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;21:333-40.
21. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ.   Reliability of Spinal Displacement Analysis on Plane X-rays: A Review of  Commonly Accepted Facts and Fallacies with Implications for Chiropractic Education and Technique. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998;21:252-66.
22. Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Holland B.  Elliptical  Modeling of the Sagittal Lumbar Lordosis and Segmental Rotation Angles as a Method to Discriminate Between Normal and Low Back Pain Subjects.  J Spinal Disord 1998;11(5): 430-439.
23. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Holland B, Janik TJ.  A Further Analysis of the Reliability of  the Postrior Tangent Lateral Lumbar Radiographic Mensuration Procedure:  Concurrent Validity of Computer Aided X-ray Digitization.   J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998; 21(7): 460-467.
24. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DD, Harrison DE. Commentary, Motion Palpation: It’s Time to accept the evidence. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998; 21(8): 569-571.
25. Harrison DD, Colloca CJ, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE.  Commentary, Torque Misuse Revisited. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998; 21(9): 649-655.
26. Janik TJ, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE.  Can the Sagittal Lumbar Curvature be Closely Approximated by an Ellipse?  J Orthop Res 1998; 16(6): 766-770.
27. Coleman RR, Bernard BB, Harrison DE, Harrison SO. Correlation and quantification of projected 2-D radiographic images with actual 3-D y-axis vertebral rotations. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999; 22(1): 21-25.
28. Troyanovich SJ, et al. Grand Rounds Discussion: Patient with acute low back pain.   Chiropr Tech 1999; 11(1): 24-32.
29. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DD, Harrison DE. Low back pain and the lumbar intervertebral disc: Clinical considerations for the doctor of chiropractic.  J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999; 22(2): 96-104.
30. Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison SO. A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System.  PART I: Spinal Canal Deformations   Due to Changes in Posture.  J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999; 22(4):227-234.
31. Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison SO. A Review of Biomechanics of  the Central Nervous System. PART II: Strains in the Spinal Cord from Postural Loads. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999; 22(5):322-332.
32. Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison SO. A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System. PART III: Spinal Cord Stresses from Postural Loads and Their Neurologic Effects.  J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999;    22(6):399-410.
33. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison SO, Harrison DD, Harrison DE, Payne M, Janik TJ, Holland B. Chiropractic Biophysics Digitized Radiographic Mensuration Analysis of   the Anteroposterior Lumbar View: A Reliability Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther   1999; 22(5): 309-315.
34. Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Troyanovich SJ, Coleman RR. Lumbar Coupling During Lateral Translations of the Thoracic Cage Relative to a Fixed Pelvis. Clin Biomech 1999; 14(10): 704-709.
35. Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Croft AC, Harrison DE, Troyanovich SJ. Sitting Biomechanics Part I: Review of the Literature. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1999; 22(9): 594-609.
36. Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Croft AC, Harrison DE, Troyanovich SJ. Sitting Biomechanics Part II: Optimal Car Driver’s Seat and Optimal Driver’s Spinal Model. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000; 23(1): 37-47.
37. Coleman RR, Harrison DE, Fischer T, Harrison SO.  Correlation and Quantification of Relative 2-D Projected Vertebral Endplate Z-axis Rotations with 3-D Y-axis Vertebral Rotations. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000; in press.
38. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Janik TJ, Holland B.  Chiropractic Biophysics Digitized Radiographic Mensuration Analysis of the Anteroposterior   Cervicothoracic View:  A Reliability Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000; in press.
39. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Harmon S. Its Time to Accept the Evidence for  a Normal Spinal Position. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000; in press.
40. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Troyanovich SJ, Janik TJ. Cervical Coupling During Lateral Head Translations Creates an “S”-Configuration. Clin Biomech 2000; in press.
41.  Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Troyanovich SJ, Janik TJ, Holland B. Cobb Method or Harrison Posterior Tangent Method: Which is Better for Lateral Cervical Analysis? Spine 2000; 25(16): in press.
42. Troyanovich SJ, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Harrison DE. Scoliosis: The Order of the Harrison Postural Exercises Makes a Difference. A Case Report.  J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000;    in press
 
In Review
43. Coleman RR, Harrison DE, Bernard BB. The Effects of Combined X-axis Translations and Y-axis Rotations on Projected Lamina Junction Offset. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000;   in review.
44. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ, Janik TJ, Holland B, Siskin L. Slight  Head Nodding: Does it Reverse the Cervical Curve? 2000; in review.
45. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Jones EW, Cailliet R, Normand M. Comparison of  Flexural Stresses in Lordosis and Three Buckled Modes in the Cervical Spine. 2000; in  review.
46. Harrison DD, Jones EW, Janik TJ, Harrison DE.  Evaluation of Flexural Stresses in the Vertebral body Cortex and Trabecular Bone in Three Cervical Configurations with an Elliptical Shell Model. 2000; in review.
47. Janik TJ, Harrison DE, Harrison, DD, Payne MR, Coleman RR, Holland B.   Reliability of a New Method for Calculating Segmental Axial Rotations on AP Radiographs. 2000; in review.
48. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Holland B. Changes in Sagittal Lumbar Configuration with a New Method of Extension Traction and its Clinical Significance. 2000;  In Review.
49. Normand MC, Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Black P, Harrison DD, Holland B. Reliability,  Concurrent Validity, and Measurement Error of the Tonix Video Posture Evaluation System.  Part I: Inanimate Objects. 2000; in review.
50. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ. Lumbar Spine and Pelvic Coupling During Anterior/Posterior Translations of the Thoracic cage. 2000; in review.
51. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Harrison SO, Holland B. Determination of Lumbar  Lordosis: Cobb Method, Centroidal Method or Harrison Posterior Tangents? 2000; in review.
 
 
 
Being Written
52. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ. Cervical Spine Changes During Anterior/Posterior Translations of the Thoracic cage.
53. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ. Internal Thoracic Kyphosis Changes During   Anterior/Posterior Translations of the Thoracic cage.
54. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Harrison SO, Holland B. Determination of  Thoracic Kyphosis: Cobb Method, Centroidal Method or Harrison Posterior Tangents?
55. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Harmon S.  An Ideal Anthropometric Model of the Thoracic Kyphosis.
56. Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Harrison DE.  The Harrison Spinal Model: Evaluation of the Slope,  Shear, and Bending Moments at the Points of Inflection.
57. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Harmon S.  A Statistically Averaged Normal Model of the Thoracic Kyphosis.
58. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Janik TJ. Pre-Post Cervical Curve Improvements in 38 Consecutive Cases with CBP® Sitting Extension-Compression Traction.
59. Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Janik TJ. Pre-Post Cervical Curve Improvements in 30 Consecutive Cases with CBP® Pope Sitting 2-Way Traction.
60. Harrison DE, Janik TJ, Harrison DD.  Thoracic Coupling and Projection on AP Radiographs During Lateral Translations of the Thoracic Cage Relative to a Fixed Pelvis.
61.  Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Janik TJ. The Cervical Curvature is Not Due to the Disc Wedging But is Due to Vertebral Body Design.
62. Harrison DE, Harrison DD.  Reliability of the CBP® Posture Evaluation.
63. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Janik TJ. Conservative Methods to Correct Lateral Translations (Trunk list) of the Thoracic cage: A Consecutive Case Analysis.
64. Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Janik TJ. Conservative Methods to Correct Lateral Translations the Head: A Consecutive Case Analysis.
65. Harrison DE, Harrison DD.  Cervical Kyphosis is Not a Normal Variant. It is a Buckled Mode.